Universiti Malaya converts every graded course into quality points by multiplying the grade's point value by the course's credit hours. Your semester GPA is the total quality points divided by the total credit hours that count toward the GPA, and the result is rounded to the nearest 2 decimal places. Points run from 0.0 up to 4.0, so a higher average is a better result. The scale uses plus and minus grades, so there are 12 distinct point values rather than a handful of whole steps: A+ is worth 4.0 and A is worth 4.0.
What gets left out of the average
K, I, P, W, W1, W2, R, UR, and K1 carry no point value at Universiti Malaya, so a course marked with one of them drops out of the division entirely โ it changes neither the top nor the bottom of the fraction. K still earns credit toward your degree while staying out of the GPA, which is why your credit total can climb in a semester where your GPA barely moves. C-, D+, D, and F work the other way: they earn no credit but are still counted in the average at 1.7, 1.3, 1.0, and 0.0 points respectively, so a failed course pulls the average down while adding nothing to your progress.
How this semester rolls into your CGPA
GPA is total grade points divided by total credits taken in the semester. CGPA is total grade points divided by total credits for courses taken from the first semester through the current semester. In practice that means your existing CGPA is turned back into quality points by multiplying it by your completed credits, this semester's quality points are added on, and the total is divided by your new credit total. Both the semester and the cumulative figures are rounded to the nearest 2 decimal places. The better of the two attempts is the one that counts; the weaker grade is dropped from the cumulative average.